Dizziness is a term that describes a group of sensations, such as feeling faint or imbalanced, that create the false sense that you or your surroundings are spinning or moving.
Frequent or persistent episodes of dizziness can affect your life. But dizziness is rarely life-threatening.
Treatment for dizziness depends on the cause of your symptoms.
Symptoms
False sense of movement or spinning
Headache with feeling sick
Unsteadiness or loss of balance
Feeling like you are floating or confused, or feeling heavy
These sensations are aroused and increase with walking, standing or moving the head. They may be accompanied by nausea or be so severe that you need to sit or lie down
When do you visit the doctor?
If you feel:
* Sudden severe headache
* Chest pain
* breathing difficulties
* Numbness or weakness in the arms or legs
*fainting
*Double vision
* Rapid and irregular heartbeat
* Confusion or slurred speech
*stumbling or difficulty walking
* Continuous vomiting
Sudden change in hearing
* Facial numbness or weakness
Causes
These include inner ear disorders, motion sickness, and medication side effects. Sometimes the cause is a health condition, such as poor circulation, infection or injury.
The way you feel and its triggers provide clues to possible causes. How long the dizziness lasts and any other symptoms may also help determine the cause
Inner ear and balance
The circular-shaped canals in the inner ear contain fluid and tiny, capillary-like sensors, which help maintain balance.
At the base of the ducts are the proximal and sac, each of which contains sensory hair cells. In these cells there are minute particles that help in monitoring the position of the head
Your sense of balance depends on:
Eyes: determine where your body is and how it moves
Sensory nerves: send messages to your brain about body movements and positions
Inner ear: Contains sensors that help detect movement
With inner ear disorders, your brain receives signals that are inconsistent with what your eyes and sensory nerves receive, resulting in dizziness.
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)
This condition causes a strong, brief, but false sense that you are spinning or moving.
These seizures are triggered by a rapid change in head movement, such as when you roll over in bed, sit up, or get hit on the head.
This type of vertigo is the most common cause of vertigo.
Infection
Viral infection of the vestibular nerve may cause severe vertigo. It is called vestibular neuritis.
Meniere's disease
This disease involves an excessive buildup of fluid in your inner ear. It is characterized by sudden episodes of vertigo that last for several hours. You may also experience fluctuating hearing loss, ringing in the ear, and the feeling of a blockage in the ear.
Migraine (migraine)
People who have migraines may have episodes of vertigo or other types of vertigo even when they don't have a severe headache.
These episodes of vertigo can last from minutes to hours, and may be accompanied by headaches as well as sensitivity to light and noise.
Circulation problems that cause dizziness
Low blood pressure
A sharp drop in systolic blood pressure, the top number in a blood pressure reading, may cause you to feel dizzy for a short time or feel faint. It can happen after getting up from a lying position or standing up too quickly.
Also called orthostatic hypotension
Poor blood circulation
Conditions such as cardiomyopathy, heart attacks, and irregular heartbeats may cause dizziness. Low blood volume may result in insufficient blood flow to the brain or inner ear.
Other causes of dizziness
nervous system diseases
Certain neurological disorders, such as Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis, which may lead to a progressive loss of balance.
Pharmaceutical
Dizziness can be a side effect of certain medications, such as anti-seizure drugs, antidepressants, sedatives, sedatives, and antihypertensive drugs.
Anxiety disorders
Some anxiety disorders may cause dizziness or confusion, including panic attacks or a fear of leaving home or staying in a large, open space (agora)
Low iron levels (anemia)
In addition to dizziness, you may have other signs and symptoms such as tiredness, weakness, and pale skin.
Low blood sugar
This condition usually affects patients with diabetes who use insulin. Dizziness may be accompanied by sweating and anxiety.
Hyperthermia and dehydration
If you exercise in hot weather or don't drink enough fluids, you may feel dizzy from overheating or dehydration, especially if you're taking heart medications.
Diagnosis
If your doctor suspects that you may have had or have had a stroke, and if you are elderly or have been hit in the head, the doctor may order an MRI or CT scan.
You will also be asked about the details of the symptoms and the medications the patient is taking, and then the doctor will perform a physical examination.
You may need to have balance tests, including:
eye movement test
By observing the path of your eyes when tracking a moving object, you may do an eye movement test that puts water or air into your ear canal.
Head movement test
If benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is diagnosed, a head movement test called the Dix-Holbeck maneuver may be performed.
Photo mode
This test tells which parts of the equilibrium system you rely on most and which parts may be causing the problems. You will stand on a platform with bare feet and try to maintain your balance in different conditions.
Blood tests
To check for any infection and other tests to check the health of the heart and blood vessels
Treatment
Dizziness usually gets better without treatment. Within two weeks, the body begins to adapt to what's causing it.
If treatment is needed, it will depend on your condition and your symptoms. It may include medications and balance exercises.
Even when there is no cause, symptoms may be controlled with prescription medications or other treatments
Medicines
Diuretic drugs
If you have Meniere's disease, these medications may help, as well as eating a low-salt diet that will reduce the frequency with which you feel dizzy.
Medicines that reduce dizziness and nausea
For immediate relief of nausea, dizziness and lightheadedness including antihistamines and anticholinergics
Other treatments
Head posture maneuvers
A technique called canalith repositioning (or Epley maneuver) usually helps resolve BPPV more quickly than simply waiting for the dizziness to go away. This can be done by your doctor, audiologist or physical therapist, and involves maneuvering your head.
Balance therapy
You may learn specific exercises to help make your balance system less sensitive to movement. This technique of physical therapy is called vestibular rehabilitation. It is used for people who experience dizziness from inner ear conditions, such as vestibular neuritis.
Psychotherapy
If dizziness due to anxiety disorders
Lifestyle and home remedies
* Avoid moving suddenly
* Protect yourself from the danger of falling in your home by eliminating tripping hazards
* Sit or lie down immediately when you feel dizzy
* Drink enough fluids, eat healthy food, get enough sleep and avoid stress.
